Definition. Lightning Network Gini Coefficient (Capacity Distribution) is a statistical measure of how Bitcoin capacity is distributed across nodes on the Lightning Network, used to monitor the degree of centralization and the potential risks associated with highly concentrated capacity.

Technical. The coefficient is computed by comparing the actual distribution of Bitcoin capacity across nodes to a hypothetical uniform distribution. It ranges from 0 to 1, with 0 representing perfect equality and 1 representing maximum inequality.

Interpretation. A higher Gini coefficient indicates a more unequal distribution of Bitcoin capacity across nodes, while a lower coefficient indicates a more even distribution.