Definition. Bitcoin is a uniquely scarce asset, in that it has a hard-capped limit of 21,000,000 coins that will ever be mined into existence. This chart tracks progress toward that cap with the following traces: 🟠 Circulating Supply, which reflects the cumulative amount of Bitcoin that has been minted to date; 🔴 Remaining Supply, which shows how many coins are left to be mined, with the last coin estimated to be minted in the year 2140; and 🔵 Percentage of 21M Bitcoin Supply Mined to date (shaded area).

Technical. The traces are derived directly from circulating supply:

• Percent of 21M Mined = Circulating Supply / 21,000,000
• Remaining Supply = 21,000,000 - Circulating Supply

Price is shown in grey for reference.

Interpretation. Because block rewards halve approximately every four years, issuance follows a geometric decay: the overwhelming majority of all bitcoin that will ever exist has already been mined, and each successive halving epoch adds a progressively thinner slice of the remaining supply. The percent-mined trace therefore flattens over time, visualizing how the marginal supply available from future issuance shrinks — the structural basis for Bitcoin's scarcity argument. The remaining-supply trace mirrors this, decaying toward zero over the next century. Note that circulating supply counts all coins ever minted, including those permanently lost, so effective available supply is lower than the headline figure.

Notes. Built from Circulating Supply. The issuance schedule itself is charted in the Block Subsidy Model, and the resulting annualized issuance is shown in the Inflation Rate.